Diagnostic ConsiderationsĪcute PID is difficult to diagnose because of the considerable variation in symptoms and signs associated with this condition. genitalium is associated with a reduction in PID is unknown. Although BV is associated with PID, whether PID incidence can be reduced by identifying and treating women with BV is unclear ( 1161). Screening and treating sexually active women for chlamydia and gonorrhea reduces their risk for PID ( 1162, 1163). genitalium in the lower genital tract ( 925). genitalium might have a role in PID pathogenesis ( 765, 928) and might be associated with milder symptoms ( 919, 923, 928), although one study failed to demonstrate a substantial increase in PID after detection of M. urealyticum might be associated with certain PID cases ( 1072).
influenzae, enteric gram-negative rods, and Streptococcus agalactiae, have been associated with PID ( 1161). Micro-organisms that comprise the vaginal flora, such as strict and facultative anaerobes ( 1160) and G. trachomatis is decreasing of women who received a diagnosis of acute PID, approximately 50% have a positive test for either of those organisms ( 1158– 1160). Recent studies report that the proportion of PID cases attributable to N. Sexually transmitted organisms, especially N.
PID comprises a spectrum of inflammatory disorders of the upper female genital tract, including any combination of endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess, and pelvic peritonitis ( 1155– 1157).
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